Chronic problems with emotional and behavioral dyscontrol are common after brain injury (BI), and frequently perceived to be more disruptive and distressing than cognitive or physical sequelae. The Process Model of Emotion Regulation (PMER), developed by James Gross, describes core factors (situation, attention, and appraisal) that influence human emotional and behavioral responses, as well as opportunities to regulate these responses. Social cognition can be mapped directly onto the Process Model of Emotion Regulation to understand the roles that social cognitive factors play in emotional and behavioral dyscontrol after BI, and how social cognition can be a treatment target for better emotion and behavioral regulation. This presentation will describe how two often overlooked social cognition deficits fit into the Process Model of Emotion Regulation and contribute to emotional and behavioral problems after brain injury: alexithymia (poor emotional self-awareness) and negative attribution bias (tendency to judge others’ behaviors as intentionally hostile).